Frederick j



(No Model.)

F. J. KALDENBERG.

MANUFACTURE OF BRUSHES.

Patented June 10 N PETERS. vmmumu nar. Wnhingian. u. c.

. UNITED STATES v PATENT OFFICE.

FREDERICK J. KALDENBERG, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

MANUFACTURE OF BRUSH ES.

, SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 299,988, dated June 10, 1884.

Application filed S ptember 24, 1583. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern..-

Be it known that I, FREDERICK J. KALDEN- BERG, a citizen of the United States, residing at New York, in the county and State of New York,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in the Manufacture of Brushes, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates more particularly to that class of brushes designed for the use of the toilet; and the object of my improvement is to provide a means whereby the operation of boring or drilling the holes in the back of the brush which hold the bristles is greatly facili tated; and my invention consists in providing a block adapted to be attached to the solid body which is to form the back of the brush, and having perforations to receive and guide the drill at the proper angle into the back to form the holes therein, all aswill be more fully hereinafter set forth.

In the accompanying drawings, which serve to illustrate my invention, Figure l is a plan view of a piece of solid material designed for the back of thebrush. Fig. 2 is a similar view with the guide-block attached for drilling the holes in the back. Fig. 3 is a transverse sec tion of the same, taken on the line 1 1 of Fig, 2, and Figs. 4 and 5 illustrate the manner of forming the guide-block.

In all the better class of brushes the backs are solid or in one piece, and a series of holes are bored therein to receive the bunches of bristles. To produce a brush of good quality and having afinished appearance, the bristles 5 must be set in aperfectly uniform manner, and

so as to flare out beyond the periphery or edge of the back, and the flare of each row must de crease as the center of the back is reached. To accomplish this the holes in the back must have a certain inclination inwardly, and each row must vary materially from the adjoining row, and a strictly uniform distance must be preserved between the several rows, and also between the holes in each row. The labor of drilling these holes has therefore, of necessity, been assigned only to a class of skilled and experienced workmen, and the perfectness' of the work must consequently depend upon the operators accuracy in manipulating the material. NVhen proceeding to drill the' holes in the back, the workman first spaces off the surface of the piece of the ivory in uniform lines as a guide for the several rows. Then, holding the back of the piece firmly against a disk or flat block set at a certain angle, he slowly and carefully passes it beneath the drill, turning it as required tofollow the lines. Having completed one row of holes, the workman must stop and change the inclination of the bearing-block before boring the next row, and thus the operation is continued until all the rows are drilled.

The purpose of my invention is to provide a means whereby the labor of drilling brushes is merely mechanical and skilled operators are dispensed with. To attain this end I form or construct ablock, preferably of metal, having perforations, each row of which has the requisite slope or obliquity that is desired in the holesto be formed in the brush-back, andattach it to the material to be bored, and through this block the drill is guided at the proper points and at the proper angle intothe blank.

In the accompanying drawings, let a represent the blank to form the back of a brush, of which I) is the handle.

a, in general,is the guide-block secured to the back a. This block is of considerable thickness, and preferablytapers inwardly at the bottom. (See Fig. 3.)

e e are perforations formed through the block, arranged in rows, and having a slope or obliquity decreasing as they approach the center. These perforations correspond exactly to the holes required for the back a.

ff, 850., represent small tubes, preferably of steel, that line the perforations e.

g is a band of hard metal that incloses the block 6, and projects below the bottom thereof, as shown at d, to form a recess to receive the part a of the back of the brush. Different sizes of blocks are made for the different sizes of brush-backs, as the number of rows of holes required for each size varies with the size.

\Vhen proceeding to bore the back a,t-he blank,

Fig. 1, is fitted in the bottom of the block a in the recess formed by the extended part d.

of the inclosing-band g, the latter being cut away to free the handle b. The block being arranged in a horizontal position,'a small drill run by steam-power and having a flexible connection is moved to and fro over the face of the block, so as to enter successively each IOO perforation in the block, and thereby form a corresponding hole in the back or piece beneath the block. The depth of the insertion of the drill into the back may be regulated by placing any well-known stop device on the drill.

I will now proceed to describe the manner of constructing the block for guiding the drill, which forms the second part of my invention.

I first take, as a guide for forming the block, a brush-back which is provided with the requisite holes. (See Figs. 4 and 5.) In these views, however, only a part of the holes is shown, as this is all that is necessary to eX- plain the operation. Into each hole isinserteda metal pin, j. As these pins should fit snugly in the holes,they are generally driven in to insure a perfect fit. The pins being all adjusted, asmalltube,composed, preferably, of steel, is slipped over each of these pins and pressed down, so as to strike the surface of the back a, allowing the pins to protrude somewhat from theirtop. (See Fig. 5.) The pins and tubes being all adj usted, a band, 9, is placed around the outer edge of the back, which rises to the height of the tubes f. The space inclosed by this band is then filled up by pouring in lead in a molten state. \Vhen the block cools and hardens, the pins are removed, leaving the tubes of steel embedded in the metal block. Of course every perforation in the block when finished is a counterpart of each hole in the back from which it was formed, and consequently, when the block is placed upon a solid back, no further care is needed by the operator than that the drill should enter each perforation in the block; hence the labor of boring the backs of brushes is greatly simplified, and

can be accomplished by an ordinary workman, and even by children.

\Vhat I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. As a new article of manufacture, a device for use in drilling brush-blanks, consisting of a block adapted to be secured to said blank, and provided with a series of perforations corresponding to the holes required to be made in said blank, as and for the purpose set forth.

2. A guide-block for use in drilling brushblanks, formed of metal, and provided with perforations for receiving the drill, the said block being recessed at the bottom to receive the brush-blank, asand for the purpose set forth.

3. A guide-block for use in drilling brushes, composed of soft metal, and having tubes of steel or equivalent hard metal em bedded there in, as set forth.

4. The method herein described for constructing a guide-block for use in boring the holes in the backs of brushes, whichconsists in first inserting metal pins into the cavities, then inclosing the pins by metal tubes, and finally filling up the interstices between such tubes with molten lead, as set forth.

5. The perforated guide block herein de scribed, consisting of the outer band of metal, g, and tubes f of steel to receive the drill, the body of the block being formed up of soft metal in a molten state, as and for the purpose set forth.

FRED. J. KALDENBERG. \Vi tn esses:

E. HUEBUER, Lnwrs P. WA'RTH. 

